Database Fundamentals

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Question 1
What is a transaction in DBMS?
Choose all correct options
A set of operations performed independently of each other
A sequence of one or more operations performed as a single logical unit of work
A method to permanently store metadata in the database
A process to ensure data replication across distributed systems
Question 2
Which of the following scenarios violates atomicity?
A
A transaction partially updates data due to system crash
B
A transaction updates a record but rolls back due to failure
C
A transaction completes successfully and commits changes
D
A transaction reads data while another transaction is writing
Question 3
Which problem is solved by the isolation property?
A
Data loss during system crashes
B
Redundant data replication
C
Phantom reads
D
Faster query execution
Question 4
Which of the following scenarios demonstrates a violation of durability?
A
A transaction fails and rolls back successfully
B
A transaction reads outdated data
C
Two concurrent transactions interfere with each other
D
A transaction commits, but changes are lost after a power failure
Question 5
What is a "dirty read" in the context of transaction management?
A
Reading outdated data from a cache
B
Reading data that violates database constraints
C
Reading data that has been written but not yet committed
D
Reading data concurrently with another transaction
Question 6
Which of the following is NOT a common issue in concurrent transactions?
A
Dirty reads
B
Transaction durability
C
Phantom reads
D
) Non-repeatable reads

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